Research into the Impact of Phase Shifter Failures on the Characteristics of Slotted Waveguide Array Antenna

Introduction. Currently, the impact of phase shifter (PS) failures on the characteristics of phased antenna arrays, slotted waveguide array antenna (SWAA) in particular, represents a significant problem. A review of publications shows that insufficient attention has been paid to PS failures.

Aim. To investigate the characteristics of a SWAA in the event of PS failures, when their phase takes a value equal to zero instead of the required value.

Materials and methods. The methods of statistical modeling methods were used to study the impact of failures on SWA characteristics. Calculations were carried using the Mathcad 15 software package.

Results. An algorithm for statistical modeling of the impact of PS failures on SWAA characteristics is proposed. A relationship that connects the radiation pattern with the volume of the statistical sample and the number of failed PSs is given. The malfunctions of emitters from 5 to 35 out of 50 elements were studied. Changes in the following characteristics were obtained: standard deviation – from 0.064 to 0.18, radiation pattern width – from 8 to 18 %, the level of side lobes – from 13 to 59 %, radiation power – from 0.9 to 0.3.

Conclusion. The results obtained can be used in radio-electronic systems with antenna arrays at the stage of their development. Future work will address PS failures with phases being established randomly and with random values, as well as the case of PS failures where power does not pass into the emitter. Another important direction concerns compensation of distortions resulting from failures of antenna elements.

1. Manuilov M. B., Lerer V. A., Sinyavsky G. P. Methods of Simulation and New Design Concepts of Slotted-Waveguide Array Antennas. Advances of modern radio electronics. 2007, no. 5, pp. 3–28. (In Russ.)

2. Vilensky A. R. A Novel Approach for SpaceTemporal Analysis of Tapered Slot Antenna. Science and Education of the Bauman MSTU. 2014. P. 139–154. (In Russ.)

3. Danilchuk V. I. Model Problem of Calculating a Slot-Left Antenna under a Coating. Radio engineering. 2000, no. 9, pp. 12–15. (In Russ.)

4. Radzig Yu. Yu., Khavanova M. A., Moiseenko N. P. Mathematical Modeling of the Problem of Synthesis of Weakly Directional Slot Antennas for Aircraft. Physics of Wave Processes and Radio-Technical Systems. 2001, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 27–29. (In Russ.)

5. Raevsky S. B., Belov Yu. G., Denisenko A. A., Ermolaev A. I., Ermoshin V. V., Zaboronkova T. N. [Matematicheskie metody prikladnoi elektrodinamiki] Mathematical Methods of Applied Electrodynamics. Moscow, Radio engineering, 2007, 88 p. (In Russ.)

6. Voitovich N. I., Klygach D. S., Khashimov A. B. Radiation Field of a Bilateral Slot Antenna. Bulletin of SUSU. Series "Computer technologies, control and radio electronics". 2012, vol. 16, no. 6 (282), pp. 135–141. (In Russ.)

7. Koshkidko V. G., Migalin M. M. Development of a Linear Equivalent Waveguide-Slot Antenna Array and Analysis of its Directional Properties. Antennas. 2018, no. 2, pp. 15–20. (In Russ.)

8. Milligan T. A. Modern Antenna Design. New Jersey, John Wiley & Sons, 2005, 630 p.

9. Balanis C. A. Modern Antenna Handbook. New Jersey, John Wiley & Sons, 2008, 1704 p.

10. Levin B. Antenna Engineering Theory and Problems. Boca Raton, CRC Press, 2017, 406 p.

11. Pelevin A. O., Zargano G. V., Vyatkina S. V. Comparative Analysis of Radiation Patterns of Phased Arrays of Slotted Rectangular and Single-Ridge Waveguide Antennas. Telecommunications. 2019, no. 3, pp. 22–28. (In Russ.)

12. Rui Xu, Jiangying Li, Dingyi Luo, Guangwei Yang. Single Ridge Waveguide Slot Incremental Conductance Analysis and Array Antenna Design. Proc. of 2014 3rd Asia-Pacific Conf. on Antennas and Propagation, Harbin, China, 26–29 July 2014. IEEE, 2014, pp. 143–146. doi: 10.1109/APCAP.2014.6992435

13. Teng Li, Wenbin Dou. Design of an Edge Slotted Waveguide Antenna Array Based on T- Shaped Cross-Section Waveguide. Intern. J. of Antennas and Propagation. 2017, pp. 1–8. doi: 10.1155/2017/7385357

14. Elliott R. S. Antenna Theory & Design. WileyIEEE Press, 2003, 612 p.

15. Gabriel’ean D. D., Korovkin A. E., Boychuk S. I., Dvornikov S. V., Bibarsov M. R., Bibarsova G. Sh. Mathematical Model of an Antenna-Waveguide Path with Separation of Signals by Frequency–Polarization. J. of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics. 2022, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 41–51. doi: 10.32603/1993-89852021-25-4-41-51 (In Russ.)

16. Ponomarev L. I., Stepanenko V. I. Skaniruyushchie mnogochastotnye sovmeshchennye antennye reshetki [Scanning Multi-Frequency Combined Antenna Arrays]. Moscow, Radio engineering, 2009. 328 p. (In Ryss.)

17. Vendik O. G. Parnes M. D. [Antenny s elektricheskim skanirovaniem] Antennas with Electrical Scanning. Moscow, Science Press, 2001. 232 p. (In Russ.)

18. Pelevin A. O., Zemlyakov V. V., Zargano G. V. Study of the Characteristics of a Slot Antenna Array Based on P-Waveguides. Antennas. 2018, no. 3, pp. 3–7. (In Russ.)

19. Bozzi M., Georgiadis A., Wu K. Review of Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) Circuits and Antennas. IET Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation. 2011, vol. 5, no. 8, pp. 909–920. doi: 10.1049/ietmap.2010.0463

20. Pasternak Yu. G. Development of an Antenna Array for a Mobile Satellite Communication Terminal. Available at: https://cchgeu.ru/upload/iblock/211/itogovyyotchet-po-proektu-razrabotka-antennay-reshetki-dlyamobilnogo-terminala-sputnikovoy-svyazi.pdf (accessed 01.11.2023)

21. Shifrin Y. S. [Voprosy statisticheskoi teorii antenn] Questions of statistical theory of antennas. Moscow, Sov. radio, 1970, 384 p. (In Russ.)

22. Bibarsov M. R., Gribanov E. V., Gabrielyan D. D., Fedorov Den. S., Fedorov Dan. S. Synthesis of Amplitude-Phase Distribution in Quasiconcave an Antenna Array. J. of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics. 2017, iss. 2. pp. 28–33. (In Russ.)

23. Bibarsov M. R., Bibarsova G. Sh., Gabriel’ean D. D., Dvornikov S. V., Fedorov D. S. Effect of Locally Flat Distortions in the Radiating Aperture on the Radiation Pattern of a Phased Antenna Array. J. of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics. 2023, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 17–25. doi: 10.32603/1993-89852023-26-1-17-25 (In Russ.)

24. Bibarsov M. R., Bibarsova G. Sh., Gabrielyan D. D. Shatsky V. N. Influence of Errors in the Formation of the Amplitude-Phase Distribution in the Aperture of a Phased Array Antenna on the Accuracy of Direction Finding. Information and Space. 2023, no. 2, pp. 18–23.