GNSS Interference Mitigation Methods Based on Signal Processing in Time, Frequency and Time-Frequency Domains

Introduction. Following an analysis of numerous literature sources, the article proposes a classification for GNSS interference mitigation methods and carries out an analytical review of these methods. The results of an analytical review of GNSS interference mitigation methods with signal processing in the time, frequency and time-frequency domains are presented.
Aim. To carry out a brief review of methods explaining the basic principles and approaches for suppressing GNSS interference based on signal processing in the time, frequency and time-frequency domains.
Materials and methods. The analysis of the considered methods was based on the materials of literature sources published in 2000–2024 (mostly in English). The literature search was conducted based on the following criteria: firstly, the application of mitigation methods specifically to GNSS interference, and secondly, those with the theoretical justification and experimental confirmation of the effectiveness of the proposed methods. This article discusses methods for GNSS interference mitigation based on signal processing in the time, frequency and time-frequency domains using adaptive notch filters, spectral analysis, Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT), Wigner–Ville Distribution (WVD), and its modifications.
Results. A classification for GNSS interference mitigation methods is proposed. On this basis, a comparative analysis of anti-interference methods and algorithms using signal processing in one-dimensional and two-dimensional domains (time, frequency and time-frequency) is carried out.
Conclusion. The conducted review and comparative analysis of the most common and effective methods of GNSS interference mitigation is intended to assist researchers and developers in reducing the time required to study the diversity of approaches to solving this problem proposed in the current literature. The next article on this topic will consider methods for GNSS interference mitigation using the Wavelet Transformmethod, as well as signal processing in the spatial and space-time domains.

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