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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radioelectronics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений России. Радиоэлектроника</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1993-8985</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-4794</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32603/1993-8985-2025-28-1-88-101</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radioelectronics-972</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РАДИОЛОКАЦИЯ И РАДИОНАВИГАЦИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RADAR AND NAVIGATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Улучшение технических характеристик АФАР импульсных РЛС за счет снижения неравномерности энергопотребления передающих модулей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Improving the Technical Characteristics of AESA Pulse Radars by Reducing the Power Consumption Droop of Transmitting Modules</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кушнерев</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kushnerev</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кушнерев Николай Александрович – кандидат технических наук (2010), начальник лаборатории </p><p>Кутузовский пр., д. 34, Москва, 121170 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay A. Kushnerev, Cand. Sci. (Eng.) (2010), Head of laboratory </p><p>34, Kutuzovsky Ave., Moscow 121170 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kushnerev@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2245-8771</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Родин</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rodin</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Родин Михаил Валерьевич – кандидат технических наук (2017), доцент (2022), доцент кафедры радиоэлектронных систем и устройств</p><p>2-я Бауманская ул., д. 5, Москва, 105005</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail V. Rodin, Cand. Sci. (Eng.) (2017), Associate Professor (2022), Associate Professor of the Department of Radio Electronic Systems and Devices</p><p>5, 2-nd Baumanskaya St., Moscow 105005 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mvrodin@bmstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попов</surname><given-names>Д. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popov</surname><given-names>D. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Попов Дмитрий Олегович – инженер по специальности "Радиоэлектронные системы и комплексы" (2023), аспирант кафедры радиоэлектронных систем и устройств</p><p>2-я Бауманская ул., д. 5, Москва, 105005</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy O. Popov, Engineer's degree in electrical engineering (2023), graduate student of the Department of Radio Electronic Systems and Devices</p><p>5, 2-nd Baumanskaya St., Moscow 105005 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">popovdo@student.bmstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">АО «Концерн "Вега"»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">JSC "Vega"<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный технический университет им. Н. Э. Баумана<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Bauman Moscow State Technical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>88</fpage><lpage>101</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кушнерев Н.А., Родин М.В., Попов Д.О., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кушнерев Н.А., Родин М.В., Попов Д.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kushnerev N.A., Rodin M.V., Popov D.O.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://re.eltech.ru/jour/article/view/972">https://re.eltech.ru/jour/article/view/972</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В передающих трактах импульсных радиолокационных систем (РЛС) с активными фазированными антенными решетками (АФАР) при формировании зондирующих радиоимпульсов часто используют периодический заряд/разряд емкостных накопителей электроэнергии. При этом оконечный усилитель мощности передающего модуля потребляет электроэнергию в течение малых интервалов времени. Однако импульсный характер работы усилителя обуславливает неравномерность энергопотребления зарядного устройства накопителя. Это приводит к ухудшению электромагнитной совместимости аппаратуры РЛС и снижению надежности функционирования из-за дополнительной нагрузки на систему электроснабжения. Для уменьшения неравномерности энергопотребления совместно с накопителями используют сглаживающие дроссели, ухудшающие массогабаритные характеристики и даже информативность РЛС. Таким образом, актуальной является задача снижения неравномерности энергопотребления передающих модулей без ухудшения их массогабаритных характеристик.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель работы</title><p>Цель работы. Показать возможность построения устройства заряда емкостного накопителя, обеспечивающего равномерное энергопотребление передающего модуля за счет неизменной мощности заряда, для улучшения ряда технических характеристик АФАР.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Анализ методов заряда емкостных накопителей электроэнергии и исследование возможности построения устройства заряда накопителя неизменной мощностью основываются на теории электрических цепей. Анализ работы устройства заряда накопителя неизменной мощностью проводится в программе Micro-Cap и на экспериментальном макете с учетом реальных длительностей и скважностей зондирующих радиоимпульсов, используемых в РЛС.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Предложено новое устройство заряда емкостного накопителя неизменной мощностью, рассмотрен принцип его функционирования, разработаны имитационная модель и экспериментальный макет, подтвердившие возможность равномерного энергопотребления передающего модуля АФАР без использования громоздких сглаживающих дросселей. Представлены направления дальнейшего совершенствования зарядного устройства.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Предложенное устройство заряда емкостного накопителя мощностью 120 Вт для передающего модуля радиолокационной АФАР отличается простотой реализации и высокой энергоэффективностью заряда. Оно может быть рекомендовано для применения в перспективных РЛС с АФАР для улучшения ряда технических характеристик.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. When shaping radar signals, the transmission paths of pulsed radars with active electronically scanned arrays (AESA) frequently use a periodic charge/discharge of capacitive energy storage devices. In such cases, the power amplifier of the transmitting module consumes electricity over short time intervals. However, the pulsed nature of the amplifier operation causes uneven power consumption of the storage charger. This leads to a deterioration in the electromagnetic compatibility of radar equipment and a decrease in operation reliability due to the additional load on the power supply system. To reduce the unevenness of power consumption, smoothing choke сoils are used together with storage devices, which degrade the weight–size characteristics and the entire performance of the radar. Thus, the task of reducing the uneven power consumption droop of transmitting modules without compromising their weight–size characteristics appears relevant.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To demonstrate the possibility of constructing a charger for a capacitive storage device that ensures uniform power consumption of the transmitting module due to constant charge power, with the purpose of improving a number of technical characteristics of the AESA.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A review of methods for charging capacitive storage devices and an analysis of the possibility of constructing a charger for a storage device with constant power using the theory of electrical circuits. The operation of a constant-power charger was analyzed in the Micro-Cap environment and using its experimental prototype, taking the actual durations and frequencies of radar signals into account.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A new charger for a capacitive storage device with constant power is proposed and the principle of its operation is considered. A simulation model and an experimental prototype are developed, which confirmed the possibility of significantly reducing the power consumption droop of the AESA transmitting module without the use of bulky smoothing chokes. Directions for further improvement of the charger are outlined.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The proposed 120-W capacitor storage charger for the radar AESA transmitting module is characterized by simplicity of implementation and a high energy efficiency of the charge. This charger can be recommended for use in advanced radars with AESA for the purpose of improving a number of technical characteristics.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>активная фазированная антенная решетка</kwd><kwd>радиолокационная система</kwd><kwd>передающий модуль</kwd><kwd>усилитель мощности</kwd><kwd>зарядное устройство накопителя</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>active electronically scanned array</kwd><kwd>radar</kwd><kwd>transmitting module</kwd><kwd>power amplifier</kwd><kwd>storage charger</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Skolnik M. Radar Handbook. New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2008. 1351 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Skolnik M. Radar Handbook. 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