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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radioelectronics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений России. Радиоэлектроника</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1993-8985</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-4794</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32603/1993-8985-2024-27-3-108-123</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radioelectronics-885</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРИБОРЫ МЕДИЦИНСКОГО НАЗНАЧЕНИЯ, КОНТРОЛЯ СРЕДЫ, ВЕЩЕСТВ, МАТЕРИАЛОВ И ИЗДЕЛИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MEDICAL DEVICES, ENVIRONMENT, SUBSTANCES, MATERIAL AND PRODUCT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Робастные методы оценивания характеристик двигательной активности по данным безмаркерных телевизионных наблюдений</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Robust Methods for Assessing the Characteristics of Locomotor Activity Based on Markerless Video Capture Data</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0356-5651</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богачев</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogachev</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Богачев Михаил Игоревич - доктор технических наук (2018), доцент (2011) кафедры радиотехнических систем СПбГЭТУ "ЛЭТИ" им. В.И. Ульянова (Ленина).</p><p>ул. Проф. Попова, д. 5 Ф, Санкт-Петербург, 197022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail I. Bogachev - Dr Sci. (Eng.) (2018), Associate Professor (2011) of the Department of Radio Engineering Systems of Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University.</p><p>5 F, Professor Popov St., St Petersburg 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rogex@yandex.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6163-9607</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григаревичюс</surname><given-names>К. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigarevichius</surname><given-names>K. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Григаревичюс Константин Ричардасович - бакалавр по направлению "Управление в технических системах" (СПбГЭТУ "ЛЭТИ", 2023), студент факультета компьютерных технологий и информатики СПбГЭТУ "ЛЭТИ" им. В.И. Ульянова (Ленина).</p><p>ул. Проф. Попова, д. 5 Ф, Санкт-Петербург, 197022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin R. Grigarevichius - Bachelor in Management in Technical Systems (2023, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University), student of the Faculty of Computer Technologies and Informatics of Saint Petersburg Elec¬trotechnical University.</p><p>5 F, Professor Popov St., St Petersburg 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">griga.k.r.21@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6668-9512</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пыко</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pyko</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пыко Никита Сергеевич - преподаватель-исследователь по направлению "Электроника, радиотехника и системы связи" (СПбГЭТУ "ЛЭТИ", 2023), ассистент кафедры радиотехнических систем, младший научный сотрудник научно-образовательного центра "Цифровые телекоммуникационные технологии" СПбГЭТУ "ЛЭТИ" им. В.И. Ульянова (Ленина).</p><p>ул. Проф. Попова, д. 5 Ф, Санкт-Петербург, 197022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita S. Pyko - High-Research Teacher in Electronics, Radio Engineering and Communication Systems (2023, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University), Assistant of the Department of Radio Engineering Systems, Junior Researcher at the Scientific and Educational Center "Digital Telecommunication Technologies" of Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University.</p><p>5 F, Professor Popov St., St Petersburg 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">goststalker13@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6625-3770</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пыко</surname><given-names>С. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pyko</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пыко Светлана Анатольевна - кандидат технических наук (2000), доцент (2003) кафедры радиотехнических систем СПбГЭТУ "ЛЭТИ" им. В.И. Ульянова (Ленина).</p><p>ул. Проф. Попова, д. 5 Ф, Санкт-Петербург, 197022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana A. Pyko - Cand. Sci (Eng.) (2000), Associate Professor (2003) of the Department of Radio Engineering Systems of Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University.</p><p>5 F, Professor Popov St., St Petersburg 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svet.pyko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5184-3698</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цыганкова</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsygankova</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цыганкова Маргарита - бакалавр по направлению "Радиотехника" (2022), инженер научно-образовательного центра "Цифровые телекоммуникационные технологии" СПбГЭТУ "ЛЭТИ" им. В.И. Ульянова (Ленина).</p><p>ул. Проф. Попова, д. 5 Ф, Санкт-Петербург, 197022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Margarita Tsygankova - Bachelor in Radio Engineering (2022, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University), Engineer at the Scientific and Educational Center "Digital Telecommunication Technologies" of Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University.</p><p>5 F, Professor Popov St., St Petersburg 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tsygan_rita@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4041-2435</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плотникова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Plotnikova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Плотникова Елизавета Александровна - студент бакалавриата, лаборант-исследователь научно-исследовательской лаборатории OpenLab "Генные и клеточные технологии" КФУ.</p><p>д. 18, корп. 1, Казань, 420008, Республика Татарстан</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elizaveta A. Plotnikova - Undergraduate student, Research Assistant at the OpenLab Research Laboratory of Gene and Cell Technologies, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University.</p><p>18, Kremlevskaya St., Bldg. 1, Kazan 420008, Republic of Tatarstan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">liza.plotnikova0@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3384-1450</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агеева</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ageeva</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Агеева Татьяна Вячеславовна - кандидат биологических наук (2018), старший научный сотрудник научной лаборатории OpenLab "Генные и клеточные технологии" КФУ.</p><p>ул. Кремлевская, д. 18, корп. 1, Казань, 420008, Республика Татарстан</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana V. Ageeva - Cand. Sci (Biol.) (2018), Senior Research Scientist at the OpenLab Research Laboratory of Gene and Cell Technologies at Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University.</p><p>18, Kremlevskaya St., Bldg. 1, Kazan 420008, Republic of Tatarstan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">t.povysheva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9435-340X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухамедшина</surname><given-names>Я. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhamedshina</surname><given-names>Ya. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мухамедшина Яна Олеговна - доктор медицинских наук (2021), доцент (2021), ведущий научный сотрудник научной лаборатории OpenLab "Генные и клеточные технологии" КФУ; доцент кафедры гистологии, цитологии и эмбриологии КГМУ.</p><p>д. 18, корп. 1, Казань, 420008, Республика Татарстан</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yana O. Mukhamedshina - Dr Sci. (Med.) (2021), Associate Professor (2021), Leading Research Scientist at the OpenLab Research Laboratory of Gene and Cell Technologies at Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University; Associate Professor of the Department of Histology, Cytology, and Embryology at Kazan State Medical University.</p><p>18, Kremlevskaya St., Bldg. 1, Kazan 420008, Republic of Tatarstan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yana.k-z-n@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный электротехнический университет "ЛЭТИ" им. В.И. Ульянова (Ленина); Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University; Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный электротехнический университет "ЛЭТИ" им. В.И. Ульянова (Ленина)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет; Казанский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University; Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>108</fpage><lpage>123</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Богачев М.И., Григаревичюс К.Р., Пыко Н.С., Пыко С.A., Цыганкова М., Плотникова Е.А., Агеева Т.В., Мухамедшина Я.О., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Богачев М.И., Григаревичюс К.Р., Пыко Н.С., Пыко С.A., Цыганкова М., Плотникова Е.А., Агеева Т.В., Мухамедшина Я.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bogachev M.I., Grigarevichius K.R., Pyko N.S., Pyko S.A., Tsygankova M., Plotnikova E.A., Ageeva T.V., Mukhamedshina Y.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://re.eltech.ru/jour/article/view/885">https://re.eltech.ru/jour/article/view/885</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Изучение двигательной активности (ДА) актуально в рамках биомедицинских и фармакологических исследований, а также в задачах экологического мониторинга. Траектории движения биологических объектов представляются временными рядами, обладающими многокомпонентной структурой и нестационарной динамикой, что ограничивает эффективность классических спектрально-корреляционных методов. При регистрации ДА с помощью безмаркерных технологий типично наблюдается повышенный уровень шумов, включающих как инструментальные погрешности, так и аномальные ошибки, связанные с ложными оценками местоположения точки в кадре или с пропаданием фрагментов траекторий, что обусловливает актуальность разработки робастных методов оценивания характеристик ДА.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель работы</title><p>Цель работы. Разработка робастных методов оценивания характеристик ДА в биотехнических системах, устойчивых в условиях типичных искажений, возникающих при восстановлении траекторий по данным безмаркерных телевизионных наблюдений.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Для оценки характеристик ДА анализировалось взаимное движение частей тела лабораторных животных с использованием мер стабильности взаимного поведения траекторий, запаздывания одной траектории по отношению к другой и доли фрагментов стабильного взаимного поведения траекторий в общей длительности записи. В качестве метрик взаимной динамики использованы максимумы взаимной корреляционной функции между двумя фрагментами траекторий и минимумы среднеквадратического отклонения разности их мгновенных фаз, а также их временные положения.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что рассмотренные фазовые метрики чувствительны к изменениям ДА, однако оценка временных задержек в модели движения сопряжена с наличием череспериодной ошибки. При использовании корреляционных метрик указанное ограничение может быть в значительной степени преодолено, что обусловливает целесообразность комплексирования указанных метрик.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Предложенные робастные методы позволяют получить устойчивые оценки характеристик ДА по данным безмаркерной телевизионной регистрации, что позволяет повысить эффективность диагностических процедур и оценки терапевтического эффекта в реабилитации.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Analysis of locomotor activity is essential in a number of biomedical and pharmacological research designs, as well as environmental monitoring. The movement trajectories of biological objects can be represented by time series exhibiting a complex multicomponent structure and non-stationary dynamics, thus limiting the effectiveness of conventional correlation and spectral time series analysis methods. Recordings obtained using markerless technologies are typically characterized by enhanced noise levels, including both instrumental noise and anomalous errors associated with false estimates of the location of the points of interest, as well as gaps in the trajectories, promoting an urgent need in the development of robust methods to assess the characteristics of locomotor activity.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. Development of robust methods for assessing the characteristics of locomotor activity capable of efficient processing of noisy recordings obtained by markerless video-based motion capture systems.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. In order to assess the characteristics of locomotor activity, the relative movements of body parts of laboratory animals were analyzed using the stability metrics of the mutual dynamics of their trajectories, their relative delays, as well as the relative duration of the recording fragments when relatively stable mutual dynamics could be observed. The local maxima of the cross-correlation function of two body fragments, the minima of the standard deviation of the difference between their Hilbert phases, as well as their relative delays, were used as the metrics of mutual dynamics.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The considered phase metrics were shown to explicitly reflect changes in locomotor activity, while the assessment of time delays using phase metric was shown to be prone to periodic error. The above limitation could be largely overcome using the correlation metrics, assuming that phase and correlation metrics could be combined.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The proposed robust methods provide stable estimates of the characteristics of locomotor activity based on markerless video capture recordings, altogether increasing the efficiency of diagnostic procedures and assessment of the therapeutic effect during rehabilitation.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>робастные методы</kwd><kwd>безмаркерные телевизионные наблюдения</kwd><kwd>траектории движения</kwd><kwd>коэффициент корреляции</kwd><kwd>коэффициент фазовой синхронизации</kwd><kwd>направленный ациклический граф</kwd><kwd>непараметрическая байесовская сеть</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>robust methods</kwd><kwd>markerless television observations</kwd><kwd>motion trajectories</kwd><kwd>correlation coefficient</kwd><kwd>phase synchronization coefficient</kwd><kwd>directed acyclic graph</kwd><kwd>nonparametric Bayesian network</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Экспериментальные исследования выполнены на базе Института фундаментальной медицины и биологии Казанского (Приволжского) федерального университета при поддержке гранта Российского научного фонда № 23-75-10041, https://rscf.ru/project/23-75-10041/. Методологическое обеспечение анализа данных безмаркерных телевизионных наблюдений движения реализовано на базе Санкт-Петербургского государственного электротехнического университета "ЛЭТИ" в рамках Государственного задания Минобрнауки РФ, шифр проекта FSEE-2020-0002.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The experimental part of this study was performed at the Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, under support from the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 23-75-10041, https://rscf.ru/project/23-75-10041/. Methodological support of the markerless video motion capture data analysis has been developed and implemented at Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University in the framework of the state assignment project No. FSEE-2020-0002.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Butte N. 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