radioelectronicsИзвестия высших учебных заведений России. РадиоэлектроникаJournal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics1993-89852658-4794Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University10.32603/1993-8985-2022-25-3-22-38radioelectronics-635Research ArticleРАДИОТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ СРЕДСТВА ПЕРЕДАЧИ, ПРИЕМА И ОБРАБОТКИ СИГНАЛОВRADIO ELECTRONIC FACILITIES FOR SIGNAL TRANSMISSION, RECEPTION AND PROCESSINGНовый алгоритм оценки вектора скорости цели в РСА на основе согласованного фильтра МеллинаAn Algorithm for Estimating the Velocity of a Moving Target Based on Mellin Matched Filterhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4469-0501МонаковА. А.MonakovA. A.

Монаков Андрей Алексеевич - доктор технических наук (2000), профессор (2005) кафедры радиотехнических систем.

ул. Большая Морская, д. 67 А, Санкт-Петербург, 190000.

Andrey A. Monakov - Dr Sci. (Eng.) (2000), Professor (2005) of the Department of Radio Engineering Systems of Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation.

67 A, Bolshaya Morskaya St., St Petersburg 190000.

a_monakov@mail.ruИнститут радиотехники, электроники и связи, Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет аэрокосмического приборостроенияРоссияInstitute of Radio Technique, Electronics and Communication Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace InstrumentationRussian Federation2022270620222532238Copyright © Монаков А.А., 20222022Монаков А.А.Monakov A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://re.eltech.ru/jour/article/view/635Введение

Введение. Получение радиолокационного изображения (РЛИ) и измерение вектора скорости движущейся цели в радиолокаторах с синтезированной апертурой (РСА) является одной из ключевых задач. Явление миграции сигнала цели по элементам разрешения по дальности является причиной низкого качества РЛИ. Традиционные методы компенсации миграций, которые успешно применяются для получения РЛИ неподвижных объектов, не дают нужного качества в случае применения в обработке сигналов движущейся цели. В настоящее время известны алгоритмы решения поставленной задачи. Однако большинство из них использует оптимизационные процедуры поиска оценок неизвестных параметров, что в значительной степени затрудняет их реализацию. Исключением из этого множества является LvD-алгоритм, который для построения РЛИ использует двукратное применение преобразования "замкового камня". LvD-алгоритм не только не использует сложных процедур поиска оценок, но и позволяет строить РЛИ цели в координатах "продольная скорость - поперечная скорость", что делает задачу оценки составляющих скорости цели чрезвычайно простой. В то же время двукратное применение преобразования "замкового камня", которое использует интерполяцию принятого сигнала, увеличивает нагрузку вычислителя.

Цель работы

Цель работы. Разработка альтернативного алгоритма оценки вектора скорости и построения РЛИ движущейся цели в РСА бокового обзора без использования оптимизационных процедур поиска на основе применения согласованного фильтра Меллина (СФМ).

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Полученный алгоритм основан на свойствах инвариантности интегрального преобразования Меллина к масштабу сигнала и использует для оценки составляющих скорости цели согласованный фильтр Меллина.

Результаты

Результаты. В статье приведен синтез алгоритма построения РЛИ движущейся цели, в основании которого лежит применение согласованного фильтра Меллина. Дан анализ LvD-алгоритма, который позволил оптимальным образом выбрать коэффициент масштабирования при реализации KT-преобразования. Проведено математическое моделирование СФМ и LvD-алгоритмов, которое показало их одинаковое качество. Оба алгоритма при одинаковых сценариях моделирования дают эффективные оценки составляющих вектора скорости движущейся цели при отношении сигнал/шум большем -10 дБ.

Заключение

Заключение. Предлагаемый алгоритм построения РЛИ может быть использован при разработке РСА для обнаружения и оценки вектора скорости движущейся цели.

Introduction

Introduction. Construction of the radar image of a moving target and estimation of its velocity in synthetic aperture radars (SAR) presents a relevant research problem. The low quality of radar imaging is frequently related to the phenomenon of range cell migration (RCM). Conventional methods for RCM compensation, which are successfully used to obtain radar images of stationary targets, fail to provide the required quality when applied to moving targets. At present, a number of algorithms are used to solve this problem. However, the majority of them employ optimization procedures when searching for estimates of unknown parameters, which fact greatly complicates their implementation. An exception is the LvD algorithm, which implements double keystone transform to construct a radar image without using complex estimate search procedures. Radar images are constructed in the coordinates "longitudinal velocity - lateral velocity", which facilitates estimation of the target velocity components.

Aim

Aim. Development of an alternative algorithm based on the Mellin matched filter (MMF) for estimating the velocity and constructing the radar image of a moving target in a side-looking SAR.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. The derived algorithm is based on the invariance of the integral Mellin transform to the signal scale and uses the MMF to estimate the target velocity components.

Results

Results. An algorithm for constructing the radar image of a moving target based on the MMF was synthesized. An analysis of the LvD algorithm showed its capacity for selecting the optimum scale factor when implementing a second KT. The conducted computer simulation of the MMF and LvD algorithms showed their equal accuracy. Under the same simulation scenarios, both algorithms yield effective estimates of the velocity components of a moving target when the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than -10 dB.

Conclusion

Conclusion. The proposed algorithm for constructing a radar image can be used in SAR systems designed for detection and velocity estimation of a moving target.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.