radioelectronicsИзвестия высших учебных заведений России. РадиоэлектроникаJournal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics1993-89852658-4794Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University10.32603/1993-8985-2021-24-2-27-37radioelectronics-502Research ArticleРАДИОЛОКАЦИЯ И РАДИОНАВИГАЦИЯRADAR AND NAVIGATIONПростой алгоритм компенсации миграций светящихся точек по дальности для режима бокового обзора РСА (англ.)A Simple Algorithm for Compensation for Range Cell Migration in a Stripmap SARhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4469-0501МонаковА. А.MonakovA. A.

Andrey A. Monakov, Dr. Sci. (Eng.) (2000), Professor (2005) of the Department of radio equipment systems, Honorable Mechanical Engineer of the Russian Federation (2005), Honorable Worker of Higher Professional Education of the Russian Federation (2006). The author of more than 150 scientific publications. Area of expertise: digital signal processing; radar theory; microwave remote sensing; air traffic control.

 67A Bolshaja Morskaja St., St Petersburg 190121

 

a_monakov@mail.ruСанкт-Петербургский государственный университет аэрокосмического приборостроения (ГУАП)РоссияSaint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation (SUAI)Russian Federation2021280420212422737Copyright © Монаков А.А., 20212021Монаков А.А.Monakov A.A.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://re.eltech.ru/jour/article/view/502Введение

Введение. Миграции светящихся точек по дальности являются источником расфокусировки радиолокационных изображений в радиолокаторах с синтезированной апертурой (РСА). Существует две группы алгоритмов обработки сигналов для компенсации миграций. Первая группа включает алгоритмы, в которых на основании методов функциональной интерполяции осуществляется пересчет принятых сигналов из системы координат "продольная дальность – наклонная дальность"  в систему "продольная дальность – поперечная дальность". Недостатком алгоритмов данной группы является их высокая вычислительная сложность. Алгоритмы второй группы не используют интерполяционные методы и являются поэтому более привлекательными для практического использования.

Цель

Цель.  Синтезировать простой алгоритм компенсации миграций без применения функциональной интерполяции.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Синтез алгоритма осуществлен на основании упрощенной версии алгоритма ЛЧМ-фильтрации (Chirp Scaling Algorithm).

Результаты

Результаты. Синтезирован простой алгоритм, являющийся модификацией алгоритма "замкового камня".

Алгоритм основан на использовании быстрых преобразований Фурье и поэлементных матричных умножений. В алгоритме не применяются методы интерполяции.

Заключение

Заключение. Проверка качества алгоритма на основе математического моделирования подтвердила его высокую эффективность. Использование алгоритма позволяет уменьшить количество вычислительных операций.

Финальное радиолокационное изображение, получаемое с помощью алгоритма, строится в  истинной декартовой системе координат. Алгоритм может быть применен для построения РСА изображений движущихся целей. Данный в статье анализ показал, что алгоритм позволяет построить хорошо сфокусированное изображение движущейся цели, когда интервал синтезирования достаточно велик. Изображение движущейся цели выстраивается вдоль отрезка прямой, угол наклона которой пропорционален проекции относительной скорости цели на линию визирования. Оценка параметров изображения позволяет определить параметры движения цели.

Introduction

Introduction.  Range Cell Migration (RCM) is a source of image blurring in synthetic aperture radars (SAR). There are two groups of signal processing algorithms used to compensate for migration effects. The first group includes algorithms that recalculate the SAR signal from the "along–track range – slant range" coordinate system into the "along-track range  –  cross-track range"  coordinates using the method of interpolation. The disadvantage of these algorithms is their considerable computational cost. Algorithms of the second group do not rely on interpolation thus being more attractive in terms of practical application.

Aim

Aim. To synthesize a simple algorithm for compensating for RCM without using interpolation.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. The synthesis was performed using a simplified version of the Chirp Scaling algorithm.

Results

Results.  A simple algorithm, which presents a modification of the Keystone Transform algorithm, was synthesized. The synthesized algorithm based on Fast Fourier Transforms and the Hadamard matrix products does not require interpolation.

Conclusion

Conclusion. A verification of the algorithm quality via mathematical simulation confirmed its high efficiency. Implementation of the algorithm permits the number of computational operations to be reduced. The final radar image  produced using the proposed algorithm is built in the true Cartesian coordinates. The algorithm can be applied for SAR imaging of moving targets. The conducted analysis showed that the algorithm yields  the  image of a moving target provided that the coherent processing interval is sufficiently large. The image lies along a line, which angle of inclination is proportional to the projection of the target relative velocity on the line-of-sight. Estimation of the image parameters permits the target movement parameters to be determined.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.