<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radioelectronics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений России. Радиоэлектроника</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1993-8985</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-4794</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32603/1993-8985-2020-23-5-24-36</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radioelectronics-465</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РАДИОТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ СРЕДСТВА ПЕРЕДАЧИ, ПРИЕМА И ОБРАБОТКИ СИГНАЛОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RADIO ELECTRONIC FACILITIES FOR SIGNAL TRANSMISSION, RECEPTION AND PROCESSING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка параметров сигнала с полиномиальным законом фазовой модуляции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Parameter Estimation of Polynomial-Phase Signals</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4469-0501</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Монаков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Monakov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Монаков Андрей Алексеевич – доктор технических наук (2000), профессор (2005) кафедры радиотехнических систем, почетный машиностроитель РФ (2005), почетный работник высшего профессионального образования РФ (2006), ул. Большая Морская, д. 67а, Санкт-Петербург, 190000, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Monakov – Dr. Sci. (Eng.) (2000), Professor (2005) of the Department of radio equipment systems, Honorable Mechanical Engineer of the Russian Federation (2005), Honorable Worker of Higher Professional Education of the Russian Federation (2006), 67a Bolshaja Morskaja St., St Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a_monakov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт радиотехники, электроники и связи, Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет аэрокосмического приборостроения</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Radio Engineering, Electronics and Communications, Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Монаков А.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Монаков А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Monakov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://re.eltech.ru/jour/article/view/465">https://re.eltech.ru/jour/article/view/465</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Сигналы с полиномиальным законом фазовой модуляции часто встречаются в системах радиосвязи, гидро- и радиолокации, акустики, технической диагностики. Оценивание полиномиальных коэффициентов фазы является актуальной задачей в теории сигналов. В настоящее время предложено большое количество алгоритмов оценивания. Оптимальным способом является метод максимального правдоподобия. Однако его реализация связана с проведением многомерного поиска, что делает метод малопригодным для практической реализации. Существуют близкие к оптимальным способы оценивания, среди которых можно выделить HAF-алгоритм, который основан на вычислении функции неопределенности сигнала высокого порядка (High order Ambiguity Function), и CPF алгоритм, который использует вычисление кубической фазовой функции (Cubic Phase Function) и дает близкие к оптимальным оценки для сигнала с квадратическим законом частотной модуляции. Недостатком первого из названных методов является большое количество комбинаторных шумовых компонент, возникающих в процессе решения. Недостатками второго – ограниченная область применения и реализация одномерного поиска оценок без возможности применения алгоритмов быстрого вычисления преобразования Фурье.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель работы</title><p>Цель работы. Синтезировать алгоритм оценивания коэффициентов фазового полинома произвольного порядка, дающий малое количество шумовых комбинаторных составляющих и основанный на использовании быстрых алгоритмов преобразования Фурье.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В статье введено понятие решающей функции, которая рассчитывается таким образом, чтобы ее фаза содержала только моном первого порядка с коэффициентом, равным старшему коэффициенту фазового полинома сигнала.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Новый алгоритм оценивания, особенностью которого является возможность использования для нахождения оценок быстрых алгоритмов вычисления преобразования Фурье. Каждый полиномиальный коэффициент оценивается на основе унифицированной процедуры, которая уменьшает количество комбинаторных шумовых компонент в процессе поиска оценок.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Синтезированный алгоритм дает асимптотически эффективные оценки при меньших отношениях сигнал/шум по сравнению с алгоритмом, основанным на вычислении функции неопределенности высокого порядка (HAF-алгоритмом).</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Polynomial phase signals frequently appear in radar, sonar, communication and technical applications. Therefore, estimation of polynomial phase coefficients of such signals is an urgent problem in signal theory. Currently, a large number of estimation algorithms have been proposed. The best way is the maximum likelihood (ML) method. However, its implementation is associated with a multidimensional retrieval, which makes the method unsuitable for practical implementation. A number of alternative strategies have been developed to circumvent the ML difficulties. These strategies are very close to optimal. Among them one can single out the HAF-algorithm based on the computation of the High order Ambiguity Function and the CPF algorithm, which uses the computation of the Cubic Phase Function and produces very accurate estimates for signals with the quadratic frequency modulation. However, both algorithms have obvious drawbacks. The HAF algorithm pro-duces a large number of combinatorial noise components. The CPF algorithm is limited in its implementation to the third order polynomial signals and does not use fast algorithms, such as the Fast Fourier Transform.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. Synthesis of an estimation algorithm that produces a small number of noise combinatorial components and uses the Fast Fourier Transform computation algorithms to find coefficient estimates of an arbitrary order phase polynomial.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. In the paper a concept of a decisive function was introduced. It was calculated so that its phase contained only a first-order monomial with a coefficient equal to the highest coefficient of the signal phase polynomial.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A new estimation algorithm was proposed able to use Fast Fourier Transform computation algorithms to find estimates. Each polynomial coefficient was estimated on the basis of a unified procedure, which reduced the number of combinatorial noise components in an estimate search.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The synthesized algorithm gives asymptotically efficient estimates for lower signal-to-noise ratios in comparison with the HAF-algorithm.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>полиномиальный закон фазовой модуляции</kwd><kwd>полиномиальные фазовые коэффициенты</kwd><kwd>функция неопределенности высокого порядка</kwd><kwd>кубическая фазовая функция</kwd><kwd>оценка параметров сигнала</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>polynomial phase modulation</kwd><kwd>polynomial phase coefficients</kwd><kwd>high-order ambiguity function</kwd><kwd>cubic phase function</kwd><kwd>signal parameter estimation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brcich R. F., Zoubir A. M. The use of the DPT in passive acoustic aircraft flight parameter estimation // Proc. IEEE Conf. Speech Image Technol. for Comput. Telecommun. Brisbane, Australia, 4 Dec. 1997. Vol. 2. P. 819–822. doi: 10.1109/tencon.1997.648549</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brcich R. F., Zoubir A. M. The use of the DPT in passive acoustic aircraft flight parameter estimation. In Proc. IEEE Conf. Speech Image Technol. for Comput. Telecommun. 1997, vol. 2, pp. 819–822. doi: 10.1109/tencon.1997.648549</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morelli M. Doppler-rate estimation for burst digital transmission // IEEE Trans. Commun. 2002. Vol. 50, № 5. P. 707–710. doi: 10.1109/tcomm.2002.1006551</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morelli M. Doppler-rate estimation for burst digital transmission. IEEE Trans. Commun. 2002, vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 707–710. doi: 10.1109/tcomm.2002.1006551</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lu K., Liu X. Enhanced visibility of maneuvering targets for high-frequency over-the-horizon radar // IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. Jan. 2005. Vol. 53, № 1. P. 404–411. doi: 10.1109/tap.2004.838780</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lu K., Liu X. Enhanced visibility of maneuvering targets for high-frequency over-the-horizon radar. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. Jan. 2005, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 404–411. doi: 10.1109/tap.2004.838780</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">High-resolution ISAR imaging of maneuvering targets by means of the range instantaneous Doppler technique: Modeling and performance analysis / F. Berizzi, E. D Mese., M. Diani, M. Martorella // IEEE Trans. Image Process. 2001. Vol. 10, № 12. P. 1880–1890. doi: 10.1109/83.974573</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berizzi F., Mese E. D., Diani M., Martorella M. High-resolution ISAR imaging of maneuvering targets by means of the range instantaneous Doppler technique: Modeling and performance analysis. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 2001, vol. 10, no. 12, pp. 1880–1890. doi: 10.1109/83.974573</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang Y., Jiang Y. Inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging of maneuvering target based on the product generalized cubic phase function // IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. 2011. Vol. 8, № 5. P. 958–962. doi: 10.1109/lgrs.2011.2143387</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang Y., Jiang Y. Inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging of maneuvering target based on the product generalized cubic phase function. IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. 2011, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 958–962. doi: 10.1109/lgrs.2011.2143387</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ISAR imaging of targets with complex motion based on discrete chirp Fourier transform for cubic chirps / L. Wu, X. Wei, D. Yang, H. Wang, X. Li // IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 2012. Vol. 50, № 10. P. 4201-4212. doi: 10.1109/tgrs.2012.2189220</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu L., Wei X., Yang D., Wang H., Li X. ISAR imaging of targets with complex motion based on discrete chirp Fourier transform for cubic chirps. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 2012, vol. 50, no. 10, pp. 4201–4212. doi: 10.1109/tgrs.2012.2189220</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Diagnosis of induction motor faults in time-varying conditions using the polynomial-phase transform of the current / M. Pineda-Sanchez, M. Riera-Guasp, J. Roger-Folch, J. A. Antonino-Daviu, J. Perez-Cruz, R. Puche-Panadero // IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 2011. Vol. 58, № 4. P. 1428–1439. doi: 10.1109/tie.2010.2050755</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pineda-Sanchez M., Riera-Guasp M., Roger-Folch J., Antonino-Daviu J. A., Perez-Cruz J., Puche-Panadero R. Diagnosis of induction motor faults in time-varying conditions using the polynomial-phase transform of the current. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 2011, vol. 58, no. 4, pp. 1428–1439. doi: 10.1109/tie.2010.2050755</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Robust acoustic positioning for safety applications in underground mining / R. Pfeil, M. Pichler, S. Schuster, F. Hammer // IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 2015. Vol. 64, № 11. P. 2876–2888. doi: 10.1109/tim.2015.2433631</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pfeil R., Pichler M., Schuster S., Hammer F. Robust acoustic positioning for safety applications in underground mining. IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 2015, vol. 64, no. 11, pp. 2876–2888. doi: 10.1109/tim.2015.2433631</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abatzoglou T. J. Fast maximum likelihood joint estimation of frequency and frequency rate // IEEE Trans. on Aerosp. and Electron. Syst. 1986. Vol. AES-22, iss. 6. P. 708–715. doi: 10.1109/taes.1986.310805</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abatzoglou T. J. Fast maximum likelihood joint estimation of frequency and frequency rate. IEEE Trans. on Aerosp. and Electron. Syst. 1986, vol. AES-22, iss. 6, pp. 708–715. doi: 10.1109/taes.1986.310805</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Djuric P. M., Kay S. M. Parameter estimation of chirp signals // IEEE Trans. Acoust., Speech, Signal Process. 1990. Vol. 38, iss. 12. P. 2118–2126. doi: 10.1109/29.61538</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Djuric P. M., Kay S. M. Parameter estimation of chirp signals. IEEE Trans. Acoust., Speech, Signal Process. 1990, vol. 38, iss. 12, pp. 2118–2126. doi: 10.1109/29.61538</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kitchen J. A method for estimating the coefficients of a polynomial phase signal. Signal Process., 1994. Vol. 37, № 3. P. 463–470. doi: 10.1016/0165-1684(94)90012-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kitchen J. A method for estimating the coefficients of a polynomial phase signal. Signal Process. 1994, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 463–470. doi: 10.1016/0165-1684(94)90012-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Peleg S., Friedlander B. The discrete polynomialphase transform // IEEE Trans. Signal Process., 1995. Vol. 43, № 8. P. 1901–1914. doi: 10.1109/78.403349</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Peleg S., Friedlander B. The discrete polynomial-phase transform. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 1995, vol. 43, no. 8, pp. 1901–1914. doi: 10.1109/78.403349</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Djurovic I., Stankovic L. Quasi-maximum-likelihood estimator of polynomial phase signals // IET Signal Process. 2013. Vol. 8, № 4. P. 347–359. doi: 10.1049/ietspr.2013.0104</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Djurović I., Stanković L. Quasi-maximum-likelihood estimator of polynomial phase signals. IET Signal Process. 2013, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 347–359. doi: 10.1049/iet-spr.2013.0104</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu S., Ma Y., Shan T. Segmented discrete polynomial-phase transform with coprime sampling // The J. of Engineering. 2019. Vol. 2019, № 19. P. 5619-5621. doi: 10.1049/joe.2019.0312</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu S., Ma Y., Shan T. Segmented discrete polynomial-phase transform with coprime sampling. 2019, vol. 2019, no 19, p. 5619–5621. doi: 10.1049/joe.2019.0312</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">A sparse decomposition-based algorithm for estimating the parameters of polynomial phase signals / G. Ou, P. Zhao, S. Liu, G. Liu // IEEE Access. 2019. Vol. 7. P. 20432-20441. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2896629</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ou G., Zhao P., Liu S., Liu G. A sparse decomposition-based algorithm for estimating the parameters of polynomial phase signals. IEEE Access. 2019, vol. 7, pp. 20432–20441. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2896629</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Madsen N., Cao S. Finite-difference algorithm for polynomial phase signal parameter estimation // IEEE Trans. on Aerosp. and Electron, 2020. Syst. Vol. 56, № 1. P. 57-66. doi: 10.1109/taes.2019.2910981</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Madsen N., Cao S. Finite-difference algorithm for polynomial phase signal parameter estimation. IEEE Trans. on Aerosp. and Electron. Syst. 2020, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 57–66. doi: 10.1109/taes.2019.2910981</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Djurović I., Simeunović M., Wang P. Cubic phase function: a simple solution to polynomial phase signal analysis // J. Article, Signal Process. 2017. Vol. 135, № 6. P. 48–66. doi: 10.1016/j.sigpro.2016.12.027</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Djurović I., Simeunović M., Wang P. Cubic phase function: a simple solution to polynomial phase signal analysis. Signal Process. 2017, vol. 135, no. 6, pp. 48–66. doi: 10.1016/j.sigpro.2016.12.027</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Peleg S., Porat B. Estimation and classification of signals with polynomial phase // IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory. Mar. 1991. Vol. 37, № 2. P. 422-430. doi: 10.1109/18.75269</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Peleg S., Porat B. Estimation and classification of signals with polynomial phase. IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory. Mar. 1991, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 422-430. doi: 10.1109/18.75269</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">O’Shea P. A new technique for instantaneous frequency rate estimation // IEEE Signal Process. Lett. 2002. Vol. 9, № 8. P. 251–252. doi: 10.1109/lsp.2002.803003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">O’Shea P. A new technique for instantaneous frequency rate estimation. IEEE Signal Process. Lett. Aug. 2002, vol. 9, no. 8, pp. 251–252. doi: 10.1109/lsp.2002.803003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">O’Shea P. A fast algorithm for estimating the parameters of a quadratic FM signal // IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 2004. Vol. 52, № 2. P. 385–393. doi: 10.1109/tsp.2003.821097</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">O’Shea P. A fast algorithm for estimating the parameters of a quadratic FM signal. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. Feb. 2004, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 385–393. doi: 10.1109/tsp.2003.821097</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Porat B., Friedlander B. Asymptotic statistical analysis of the high order ambiguity function for parameter estimation of polynomial phase signals // IEEE Trans. on Information Theory. 1996. Vol. 42, № 3. P. 995-1001. doi: 10.1109/18.490563</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Porat B., Friedlander B. Asymptotic statistical analysis of the high order ambiguity function for parameter estimation of polynomial phase signals. IEEE Trans. on Information Theory. May 1996, vol. 42, no 3, pp. 995-1001. doi: 10.1109/18.490563</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
