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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radioelectronics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений России. Радиоэлектроника</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1993-8985</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-4794</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32603/1993-8985-2020-23-3-32-40</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radioelectronics-437</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РАДИОТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ СРЕДСТВА ПЕРЕДАЧИ, ПРИЕМА И ОБРАБОТКИ СИГНАЛОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RADIO ELECTRONIC FACILITIES FOR SIGNAL TRANSMISSION, RECEPTION AND PROCESSING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Волновые аналоги сред на основе систем фазовой синхронизации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Wave Analogs of Media Based on Phase Locked Loops</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цырульникова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsyrulnikova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цырульникова Людмила Александровна – дипломированный инженер по специальности "Радиотехника" (2020, НИУ "МЭИ"), инженер кафедры формирования и обработки радиосигналов указанного университета. Автор 2 научных публикаций. Сфера научных интересов - радиотехника, электроника, система фазовой синхронизации.</p><p>Красноказарменная ул., д. 14, Москва, 111250</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila A. Tsyrulnikova, Dipl. Engineer on Radio Engineering (2020, NRU "MPEI"), an engineer of the Department of Radio Signal Formation and Processing of the named university. The author of 2 scientific publications. Area of expertise: radiotechnique, electronics, system of phase locked loops.</p><p>14 Krasnokazarmennaya St., Moscow 111250 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Hey_Lucy@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Судеев</surname><given-names>Б. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sudeev</surname><given-names>B. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Судеев Борис Петрович – магистрант 2-го года обучения НИТУ "МИСиС". Автор 2 научных публикаций. Сфера научных интересов - радиотехника, электроника, система фазовой синхронизации.</p><p>Ленинский пр., д. 4, Москва, 119049 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Boris P. Sudeev, 2nd year master degree student of NITU "MISiS". The author of 2 scientific publications. Area of expertise: radiotechnique, electronics, system of phase locked loops.</p><p>4 Leninsky Ave., Moscow 119049 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bsudeev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6507-6573</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафин</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Safin</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сафин Ансар Ризаевич – кандидат технических наук по специальности "Радиотехника, в том числе системы и устройства телевидения" (2014), доцент, заведующий кафедрой формирования и обработки радиосигналов НИУ "МЭИ", старший научный сотрудник ИРЭ им. В. А. Котельникова РАН. Автор более 50 научных работ. Сфера научных интересов - радиофизика и электроника, физика магнитных явлений, спинтроника.</p><p>Красноказарменная ул., д. 14, Москва, 111250 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ansar R. Safin, Cand. Sci. in "Radio Engineering Including Television Systems and Devices" (2014), Associate Professor, head of the department of radio signal generation and processing of the NRU "MPEI", senior researcher at the Institute of Radio Technologies and Electronics of the Russian Academy of Science Named after V. A. Kotelnikov. The author of more than 50 scientific papers. Area of expertise: radiophysics and electronics, physics of magnetic phenomena, spintronics.</p><p>14 Krasnokazarmennaya St., Moscow 111250 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">arsafin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет "МЭИ"</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University "MPEI"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский технологический университет "МИСиС"</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National University of Science and Technology "MISiS"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет "МЭИ"; Институт радиотехники и электроники им. В. А. Котельникова РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University "MPEI"; Kotel’nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>32</fpage><lpage>40</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Цырульникова Л.А., Судеев Б.П., Сафин А.Р., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Цырульникова Л.А., Судеев Б.П., Сафин А.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tsyrulnikova L.A., Sudeev B.P., Safin A.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://re.eltech.ru/jour/article/view/437">https://re.eltech.ru/jour/article/view/437</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. В настоящее время системы фазовой синхронизации (СФС) находят широкое применение: от оптимального приема сигналов и синтеза частот до автоматического управления распределением фаз в фазированных антенных решетках. Одной из простейших структур является многокаскадная (цепочечная) СФС, которая может содержать специально подобранную многосвязную цепь управления. Такие каскадные СФС нашли широкое применение в ряде задач теории оптимальных оценок, многопозиционной фазовой телеграфии, при синхронизации многих подстраиваемых генераторов с сохранением заданных фазовых соотношений между их колебаниями и др. Активно СФС применяются в радиофизике как в аналоговом, так и в цифровом исполнении. Одним из перспективных направлений развития коллективных СФС является исследование ансамблей нейроморфных сетей, построенных на основе СФС. Цель работы. Получение волновых аналогов, характеризующих коллективную СФС не как дискретный ансамбль, а как сплошную (распределенную) среду. Материалы и методы. Представлена модель однонаправленной (без цепей взаимного управления) каскадной структуры СФС. Результаты. Найдены волновые аналоги каскадно-связанных систем фазовой синхронизации, не содержащих цепей взаимного управления. Получено решение уравнений волновых аналогов, а также представлено доказательство справедливости полученного приближенного решения в сравнении с точным. Заключение. Показано, что выбором фильтра в цепи управления каждой одноконтурной схемы с различными коэффициентами передачи можно получать разнообразные типы сплошных сред или волновых аналогов цепочечных структур на основе СФС.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. At present, phase locked loops (PLLs) are widely used: from optimal signal detection and frequency synthesis to automatic control of phase distribution in phased scanned arrays. One of the simplest structures is a multi-stage (chain) PLL, which may contain a specially selected multi-connected control circuit. Such cascaded PLLs have wide application in solving a number of tasks of the theory of optimal estimates, multi-position phase telegraphy, in synchronizing of many tunable generators while preserving specified phase relations between their oscillations, etc. PLLs are actively used in radio physics both in analog and digital versions. One of the promising directions for collective PLLs development is the study of ensembles of neuromorphic networks based on PLL. Aim. To obtain wave analogues characterizing the collective PLL not as a discrete network, but as a continuous (distributed) media. Materials and methods. An unidirectional model (without mutual control circuits) of the cascade structure of the PLL. Results. Wave analogues of cascade-coupled phase synchronization systems that do not contain mutual control circuits were found. A solution of equations of wave analogues was found. A proof of validity of the obtained approximate solution in comparison with the exact one was presented. Conclusion. It was shown that by selecting a filter in a control circuit of each single-circuit circuit with different transmission coefficients, it is possible to obtain various types of continuous media or wave analogues of chain structures based on phase synchronization systems.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>системы фазовой синхронизации</kwd><kwd>угловая модуляция</kwd><kwd>фазовый дискриминатор</kwd><kwd>волновые аналоги</kwd><kwd>задержка радиосигналов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>phase locked loops</kwd><kwd>phase modulation</kwd><kwd>phase comparator</kwd><kwd>synchronization</kwd><kwd>wave analogs</kwd><kwd>delay line</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта РФФИ № 18−07−00485 и гранта Президента РФ для молодых кандидатов наук № МК−283.2019.8.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Russian President Grant for young scientists № MK-283.2019.8, RFBR grant № 18−07−00485.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Synchronization. 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