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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radioelectronics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений России. Радиоэлектроника</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1993-8985</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-4794</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32603/1993-8985-2019-22-6-25-36</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radioelectronics-392</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РАДИОЛОКАЦИЯ И РАДИОНАВИГАЦИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RADAR AND NAVIGATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Электродинамическая модель радиосигнала, рассеянного на многослойной структуре, с использованием физической оптики и метода трассировки лучей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Electrodynamic Model of the Signal Scattered by the Multilayer Structure with the Use of Physical Optics and Ray Tracing Technique</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1038-1962</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бахчевников</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bahchevnicov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант,</p><p>Некрасовский пр., д. 44, Таганрог, 347928</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student,</p><p>44 Nekrasovskiy Ave., Taganrog 347928</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bahchevnikov@sfedu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Южный федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Southern Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бахчевников В.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бахчевников В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bahchevnicov V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://re.eltech.ru/jour/article/view/392">https://re.eltech.ru/jour/article/view/392</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Радиолокационный мониторинг слоистых подстилающих поверхностей актуален в различных задачах: измерение толщины слоев взлетно-посадочных полос и дорожных покрытий; разведка полезных ископаемых и др. Для оценки работоспособности новых алгоритмов обработки отраженного от слоистых поверхностей радиолокационного сигнала необходимы натурные испытания. Их проведение требует больших ресурсных затрат, поэтому актуально имитационное моделирование. Отработанные методики и алгоритмы инженерного расчета отраженного радиосигнала для решения таких задач отсутствуют.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель работы</title><p>Цель работы. Разработка и верификация программной модели для имитации отраженного многослойной протяженной структурой радиосигнала, принимаемого на борту летательного аппарата.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Ядро модели строится на высокочастотных электродинамических методах (физическая и геометрическая оптики), что позволяет производить быстрые вычисления для целей большой площади с любым количеством слоев. Моделирование осуществляется с помощью программного пакета MATLAB. Разработанная имитационная модель предоставляет конечный результат в виде нормированной эффективной площади рассеяния (ЭПР) многослойной структуры. Результирующее электромагнитного поле (ЭМП) рассчитывается с использованием принципа суперпозиции.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Проведено сравнение результатов моделирования с теоретическими расчетами для нормированной ЭПР двухслойной структуры – расхождение не более 10 %. Проведена верификация для коэффициента вариации огибающей отраженного радиосигнала от глубины залегания грунтовых вод. Результаты моделирования показывают такую же тенденцию изменения коэффициента вариации от средней толщины слоя, как и в результате проведения натурного эксперимента (максимальное значение погрешности – 7 %). Проведено моделирование ЭПР для поглощающего слоя с разной степенью неровности границ слоев. Шероховатость верхней границы (максимальное отклонение высоты 0.1 м) существенно влияет на удельную ЭПР: уменьшение значения ЭПР до 30 дБ.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Разработанная модель призвана уменьшить затраты на проектный синтез средств подповерхностной радиолокации подстилающих земных поверхностей по сравнению со схемой "разработка макета устройства – натурные испытания макета – доработка – и т. д.". Модель можно использовать для апробирования новых алгоритмов обработки подповерхностных радиосигналов. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Remote monitoring of layered underlying surfaces is an urgent task. To assess the performance of new algorithms for processing the radar signal reflected from the surfaces, full-scale tests are required. As their carrying out demands big expenses, simulation modeling is actual. There are many methods of estimating an electromagnetic field (EMF) scattered by the earth's surface. However, there are no proven methods and algorithms for engineering calculation of the reflected radio signal in the conditions of this problem.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. The aim is to develop and to verify a software model to simulate the reflected multilayer extended structure of the radio signal received on board the aircraft.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The core of the model was based on high-frequency electrodynamics' methods, which allowed rapid calculation for large areas of targets with any number of layers. Simulation was produced using the MATLAB software package. The developed simulation model represented the result in the form of the normalized radar cross-section (RCS) of the multilayer structure. Since the layered structure had rough boundaries, the model provided triangulation of the boundaries of the volume-distributed object. The resulting EMF was calculated using the superposition principle. Each partial EMF value on the facet was calculated taking into account the phase and the polarization of the locally incident EMF.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In the paper the comparison of simulation results with theoretical calculations for the normalized RCS of a two-layer structure (difference is less than 10 percent) was presented. Verification for the coefficient of variation of the envelope of the reflected radio signal from the depth of groundwater (critical error was 7 percent) was performed. RCS modeling of the absorbing layer with different degrees of roughness of the layer boundaries was carried out. The upper boundary roughness (for maximal height deviation 0.1 m) affected on specific EPR more than lower boundary. It manifested itself in decreasing of RCS down to 30 dB.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The developed model is intended to reduce expenses for designing synthesis of subsurface imaging systems with comparison of scheme "model of device development – field tests – completion – etc". The model is designed to verify the new signal processing algorithms for subsurface radar. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>подповерхностная радиолокация</kwd><kwd>имитационная модель</kwd><kwd>эффективная площадь рассеяния</kwd><kwd>многослойная структура</kwd><kwd>шероховатые границы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>subsurface radar</kwd><kwd>simulation model</kwd><kwd>effective scattering area</kwd><kwd>multilayer structure</kwd><kwd>rough boundaries</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jayawickreme D. H., Jobbágy E. G., Jackson R. B. Geophysical Subsurface Imaging for Ecological Applications // New Phytologist. 2013. Vol. 201, iss. 4. P. 1170–1175. doi: 10.1111/nph.12619</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jayawickreme D. H., Jobbágy E. G., Jackson R. B. 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