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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radioelectronics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений России. Радиоэлектроника</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1993-8985</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-4794</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32603/1993-8985-2019-22-6-64-74</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radioelectronics-389</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭЛЕКТРОНИКА СВЧ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MICROWAVE ELECTRONICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Малошумящий перестраиваемый автогенератор со связанными микрополосковыми линиями передач разной длины</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Low-Noise Voltage Controlled Oscillator with Coupled Microstrip Lines of Different Lengths</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0512-7532</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranov</surname><given-names>Aleksander V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баранов Александр Владимирович - доктор технических наук (2013), ведущий научный сотрудник.</p><p>Ул. Ларина, д. 7, Нижний Новгород, 603950</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksander V. Baranov - Dr. Sci. (Eng.) (2013), leading researcher.</p><p>7 Larina Str., Nizhny Novgorod 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baranov.micros@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НПП "Салют", АО</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>SALUT, JSC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>64</fpage><lpage>74</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Баранов А.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Баранов А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Baranov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://re.eltech.ru/jour/article/view/389">https://re.eltech.ru/jour/article/view/389</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В генераторах, управляемых напряжением (ГУН), для уменьшения фазовых шумов часто используются связанные двух- или трехпроводные микрополосковые линии (МПЛ) передач. К сожалению, фазовые шумы известных ГУН не оптимизировались в зависимости от длин связи отрезов трехпроводной МПЛ.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель работы</title><p>Цель работы. Для трехпроводной связанной микрополосковой структуры поставлена задача поиска оптимальных длин ее отрезков, которые соответствуют пониженным уровням фазовых шумов выбранного ГУН.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. На примере описанного ГУН изучается работа модели его резонатора с тремя электромагнитно связанными МПЛ, где вторая линия от первой, а третья от второй линии отличаются на одну и ту же физическую длину и где ширины первой и третьей линий и их зазоры связи со второй линией одинаковы. В рассматриваемой трехпроводной линии с одной стороны реализованы режимы короткого замыкания с общей шиной, а с другой на выводах первой и третьей линий - режимы холостого хода. Свободный вывод второй линии является входом линии.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Получены основные формулы для расчета частотозадающих элементов рассматриваемого ГУН и параметров выбранной модели резонатора. С их помощью дана оценка входных сопротивлений базовых контуров для двух типов ГУН с трехсвязанными линиями одинаковой и разной длины, а также для ГУН, использующего двухсвязную МПЛ. По сравнению с ними предлагаемый ГУН вблизи оптимальной разницы в длинах отрезков трехпроводной линии обладает в 2...4 раза большей крутизной фазовой характеристики входного сопротивления, а также в 4...10 раз меньшей шириной графиков его модулей.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. По сравнению с известными устройствами в разработанном генераторе с рассчитанными длинами связи отрезков выбранной трехпроводной линии экспериментально подтверждена возможность получения меньших на 6...10 дБ/Гц уровней фазовых шумов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Coupled two- or three-wire microstrip lines are often used to reduce a phase noise of voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs). Unfortunately, the phase noise was not optimized depending on the lengths of a three-wire coupled microstrip lines.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. For the three-wire coupled microstrip structure, the task of determining of the optimal lengths of its stabs was set. The stabs were corresponded to the reduced phase noise of the selected VCO.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. In the oscillator example, the resonator model with three electromagnetically coupled microstrip lines was studied. Herein the second line from the first and the third from the second line differed by the same physical length. The widths of the first and of the third lines were the same, and their coupling clearances with the second line were the same too. On the one hand, in this three-wire microstrip line short-end modes with a common ground electrode were implemented. On the other, at the ends of the first and of the third lines open-end modes were implemented. The free end of the second line is line input.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. For the considered oscillator, the basic formulas for calculating its frequency-setting elements and resonator model parameters were obtained. By these formulas the estimation of base contours impedances for two oscillators with three-coupled microstrip lines of the same and different lengths, and also for the oscillator using a two-coupled microstrip line was given. For comparison, the proposed VCO near the optimal difference in the three-wire line microstrips lengths had the base contour impedance phase steepness 2...4 times greater, as well as its modules graphs had the width 4...10 times less.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. In comparison with the known VCOs, the possibility of obtaining lower phase noise spectrum levels at 6...10 dB/Hz in the designed oscillator with the calculated lengths of the selected three-coupled line microstrips was experimentally confirmed.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>управляемый напряжением генератор</kwd><kwd>трехсвязная микрополосковая линия</kwd><kwd>длины связанных линий</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>voltage controlled oscillator</kwd><kwd>three-coupled microstrip line</kwd><kwd>coupled lines lengths</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sevimli O., Archer J. W., Griffiths G. J. GaAs HEMT monolithic voltage-controlled oscillators at 20 and 30 GHz incorporating Schottky-varactor frequency tuning // IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques. 1998. Vol. MTT-46, iss. 10. 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