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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radioelectronics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений России. Радиоэлектроника</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1993-8985</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-4794</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32603/1993-8985-2019-22-3-106-112</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radioelectronics-329</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРИБОРЫ МЕДИЦИНСКОГО НАЗНАЧЕНИЯ, КОНТРОЛЯ СРЕДЫ, ВЕЩЕСТВ, МАТЕРИАЛОВ И ИЗДЕЛИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MEDICAL DEVICES, ENVIRONMENT, SUBSTANCES, MATERIAL AND PRODUCT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОЦЕНКА ГЛУБИНЫ АНЕСТЕЗИИ ПО ЭЛЕКТРОЭНЦЕФАЛОГРАММЕ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ НЕЙРОННЫХ СЕТЕЙ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ESTIMATION OF THE DEPTH OF ANESTHESIA BY ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM USING NEURAL NETWORKS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аль-Гаили</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Al-Ghaili</surname><given-names>Mokhammed A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аль-Гаили Мохаммед Ахмед Хамуд – магистр по направлению "Биотехнические системы и технологии" (2013), аспирант кафедры биотехнических систем Санкт-Петербургского государственного электротехнического университета "ЛЭТИ" им. В. И. Ульянова (Ленина). Автор шести научных публикаций. Сфера научных интересов – цифровая обработка биомедицинских сигналов, машинное обучение, распознавание образов.</p><p>ул. Профессора Попова, д. 5, Санкт-Петербург, 197376</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mokhammed A. Al-Ghaili – Master (2013) in Biotechnical Systems and Technologies, postgraduate student of the Department of Bioengineering Systems of Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI". The author of 6 scientific publications. Area of expertise: digital processing of biomedical signals; machine learning; pattern recognition.</p><p>5, Professor Popov Str., 197376, St. Petersburg </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alghily@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8946-2831</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калиниченко</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinichenko</surname><given-names>Alexander N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калиниченко Александр Николаевич – доктор технических наук (2009), старший научный сотрудник (1998), профессор кафедры биотехнических систем Санкт-Петербургского государственного электротехнического университета "ЛЭТИ" им. В. И. Ульянова (Ленина). Автор более 160 научных работ. Сфера научных интересов – компьютерный анализ биомедицинских сигналов, машинное обучение, распознавание образов.</p><p>ул. Профессора Попова, д. 5, Санкт-Петербург, 197376</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander N. Kalinichenko – Dr. of Sci. (Engineering) (2009), Professor of the Department of Bioengineering Systems of Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI". The author of more than 160 scientific publications. Area of expertise: computer analysis of biomedical signals; machine learning; pattern recognition.</p><p>5, Professor Popov Str., 197376, St. Petersburg </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ank-bs@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный электротехнический университет "ЛЭТИ" им. В. И. Ульянова (Ленина)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>07</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>106</fpage><lpage>112</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Аль-Гаили М.А., Калиниченко А.Н., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аль-Гаили М.А., Калиниченко А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Al-Ghaili M.A., Kalinichenko A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://re.eltech.ru/jour/article/view/329">https://re.eltech.ru/jour/article/view/329</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Мониторинг глубины анестезии при проведении хирургических операций является сложной задачей. Поскольку сигналы электроэнцефалограммы (ЭЭГ) содержат ценную информацию о процессах в головном мозге, анализ ЭЭГ рассматривается как один из наиболее полезных методов в исследовании и оценке глубины анестезии в клинических применениях. Анестезирующие средства влияют на частотный состав ЭЭГ. ЭЭГ бодрствующих субъектов, как правило, содержит смешанные альфа- и бета-ритмы. Изменения в ЭЭГ, вызванные переходом от состояния бодрствования к состоянию глубокой анестезии, проявляются в виде смещения спектральных составляющих сигнала к нижней части диапазона частот. Однако анестезирующие средства вызывают целый комплекс нейрофизиологических изменений, который невозможно правильно оценить только одним показателем. Цель работы. Для адекватного описания сложных процессов в период перехода от бодрствования к глубокой анестезии необходим метод оценки глубины анестезии, использующий комплексный набор параметров, отражающих изменения в сигнале ЭЭГ. В настоящей статье представлены результаты исследования возможности построения регрессионной модели на основе искусственных нейронных сетей (ИНС) для определения уровней анестезии с использованием набора рассчитываемых по ЭЭГ параметров. Материалы и методы. Предложен метод оценки уровня анестезии, основанный на применении ИНС, входными параметрами которых являются временны́е и частотные показатели ЭЭГ, а именно: спектральная энтропия; отношение "вспышки/подавление"; спектральная краевая частота и логарифм отношения мощностей спектра для трех пар частотных диапазонов. Результаты. Были определены оптимальные параметры ИНС, при которых достигается наивысший уровень регрессии между рассчитанными и верифицированными значениями показателя глубины анестезии. Заключение. Для создания практического варианта алгоритма необходимо дополнительно исследовать помехоустойчивость рассматриваемого метода и разработать комплекс алгоритмических решений, обеспечивающих надежную работу алгоритма при наличии шумов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Monitoring of the depth of anesthesia during surgery is a complex task. Since electroencephalogram (EEG) signals contain valuable information about processes in the brain, EEG analysis is considered to be one of the most useful methods for study and assessment of the depth of anesthesia in clinical applications. Anesthetics affect the frequency composition of the EEG. EEG of awake persons, as a rule, contains mixed alpha and beta rhythms. Changes in the EEG, caused by the transition from the waking state to the state of deep anesthesia, manifest as a shift of the spectral components of the signal to the lower part of the frequency range. Anesthetics cause a whole range of neurophysiological changes, which cannot be correctly assessed with just one indicator. Objective. In order to describe complex processes during the transition from the waking state to the state of deep anesthesia adequately, it is required to propose a method for assessing the depth of anesthesia, using a comprehensive set of parameters reflecting changes in the EEG signal. The article presents the results of study the possibility of building a regression model based on artificial neural networks (ANN) to determine levels of anesthesia using a set of parameters calculated by EEG. Materials and methods. The authors of the article propose the method for assessing the level of anesthesia, based on the use of neural networks, which input parameters are time and frequency EEG parameters, namely: spectral entropy (SE); burst-suppression ratio (BSR); spectral edge frequency (SEF95) and log power ratio of the spectrum (RBR) for three pairs of frequency ranges. Results. The optimal parameters of ANN were determined, at which the highest level of regression is achieved between the calculated and the verified values of the anesthesia depth indices. Conclusion. In order to create a practical version of the algorithm, it is necessary to investigate further the noise stability of the proposed method and develop a set of algorithmic solutions, which ensure a reliable operation of the algorithm in the presence of noise.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ЭЭГ</kwd><kwd>оценка глубины анестезии</kwd><kwd>искусственные нейронные сети</kwd><kwd>спектральная энтропия</kwd><kwd>BIS-индекс</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>EEG</kwd><kwd>Anesthesia depth estimation</kwd><kwd>Artificial neural networks</kwd><kwd>Spectral entropy</kwd><kwd>BIS-index</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rampil IJ. A primer for EEG signal processing in anesthesia // Anesthesiology. 1998. Vol. 89. P. 980–1002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rampil IJ. A primer for EEG signal processing in anesthesia. 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