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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radioelectronics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений России. Радиоэлектроника</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1993-8985</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-4794</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32603/1993-8985-2019-22-3-63-73</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radioelectronics-325</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РАДИОЛОКАЦИЯ И РАДИОНАВИГАЦИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RADAR AND NAVIGATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ДОПЛЕРОВСКОГО СПЕКТРА СИГНАЛА, РАССЕЯННОГО МОРСКОЙ ПОВЕРХНОСТЬЮ, ПРИ СКОЛЬЗЯЩИХ УГЛАХ ОБЛУЧЕНИЯ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>DOPPLER SPECTRUM MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF SIGNAL SCATTERING FROM SEA SURFACE AT LOW GRAZING ANGLES</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бородин</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borodin</surname><given-names>Mikhail A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бородин Михаил Анатольевич – кандидат технических наук (2011), доцент кафедры радиотехнических систем Санкт-Петербургского государственного электротехнического университета "ЛЭТИ" им. В. И. Ульянова (Ленина). Автор 30 научных работ. Сфера интересов – радиолокация; распространение и рассеяние радиоволн; радиотехнические системы мониторинга окружающей среды.</p><p>ул. Профессора Попова, д. 5, Санкт-Петербург, 197376</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Borodin – Cand. of Sci. (Engineering) (2011), Associate Professor of the Department of Radio Engineering System of Saint-Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI". The author of 30 scientific publications. Area of expertise: radiolocation; propagation and scattering of radio waves; radio engineering system for ecology monitoring.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">boroda84@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5237-9118</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлов</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhaylov</surname><given-names>Vyacheslav N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михайлов Вячеслав Николаевич – инженер по специальности "Радиотехника" (2000, Санкт-Петербургский государственный электротехнический университет "ЛЭТИ" им. В. И. Ульянова (Ленина)), ассистент кафедры радиотехнических систем указанного университета, научный сотрудник НИИ "Прогноз". Автор 20 научных работ. Сфера научных интересов – радиолокация; эвристические алгоритмы; цифровая обработка сигналов.</p><p>ул. Профессора Попова, д. 5, Санкт-Петербург, 197376</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vyacheslav N. Mikhaylov – Dipl.-engineer on radio engineering (2000, Saint-Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI"), assistant of Radio Engineering Systems Department of named university, the scientist of "Prognosis" Research Institute. The author of 20 scientific publications. Area of expertise: radar detection and location; heuristic algorithms and digital signal processing.</p><p>5, Professor Popov Str., 197376, St. Petersburg </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">VNMikhaylov@etu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6682-6919</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филиппова</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Filippova</surname><given-names>Polina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Филиппова Полина Александровна – бакалавр (2017) по направлению "Радиотехника", студентка 2-го курса магистратуры Санкт-Петербургского государственного электротехнического университета "ЛЭТИ" им. В. И. Ульянова (Ленина). Сфера интересов – радиолокация; распространение и рассеяние радиоволн.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina A. Filippova – bachelor degree (2017) in radio engineering, 2nd year master degree student of Saint-Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI". Area of expertise: radiolocation; propagation and scattering of radio waves. </p><p>5, Professor Popov Str., 197376, St. Petersburg </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">malinovka.vesna@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный электротехнический университет "ЛЭТИ"</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>63</fpage><lpage>73</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бородин М.А., Михайлов В.Н., Филиппова П.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бородин М.А., Михайлов В.Н., Филиппова П.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Borodin M.A., Mikhaylov V.N., Filippova P.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://re.eltech.ru/jour/article/view/325">https://re.eltech.ru/jour/article/view/325</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Доплеровский спектр сигналов, рассеиваемых морской поверхностью и принимаемых радиолокатором, используется в различных задачах океанологии и экологического мониторинга. Существующие модели доплеровского спектра сигналов имеют ограниченное применение, поскольку получены на основе эмпирических данных в меняющихся условиях. Изменчивость условий наблюдения наиболее существенно влияет на рассеяние радиоволн на морской поверхности при характерном для морской радиолокации скользящем облучении. Цель исследования. Разработка математической модели доплеровского спектра сигналов при скользящих углах облучения морской поверхности для сантиметрового диапазона длин волн. Материалы и методы. Рассмотрена двумерная задача рассеяния электромагнитного поля на цилиндрической детерминированной поверхности. Для генерации реализаций морской поверхности использована линейная модель с пространственным спектром морского волнения Эльфохейли. Получено решение задачи рассеяния для случая вертикальной поляризации падающего электромагнитного поля методом интегрального уравнения с контролем погрешности расчета. Методом статистических испытаний проведено математическое моделирование доплеровского спектра сигналов, рассеиваемых морской поверхностью. Рассмотрен случай, когда направление облучения морской поверхности радиолокатором перпендикулярно направлению ветра. Для каждой из сгенерированных реализаций морской поверхности рассчитано электромагнитное поле, рассеиваемое в направлении на приемник радиолокатора, как функция времени. Далее по совокупности временных реализаций рассеянного поля вычислена реализация доплеровского спектра сигналов. Результаты. По совокупности реализаций доплеровского спектра получена его математическая модель, содержащая детерминированную и случайную составляющие. Предложена аппроксимация каждой из указанных составляющих; приведены математические выражения для их расчета. Приведен анализ результатов моделирования. Заключение. Полученную математическую модель доплеровского спектра предположено использовать для разработки алгоритмов оценки по принятым радиолокационным сигналам состояния морской поверхности и наличия на ней загрязняющих веществ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Doppler spectra of signals which are scattered from sea surface and received by radar is used in oceanology and ecological monitoring applications. Existing models of Doppler spectra have the limitation of application because they are based on empirical data in changing conditions. Variability of the observation conditions critically influence on microwaves scattering by sea surface at low grazing angles which is typical for marine radiolocations. Objective. The goal of investigation proposed in this article is to develop the mathematical model of Doppler spectra at low grazing angles for microwave frequency range. Materials and methods. The two-dimensional problem of the scattering of an electromagnetic field on a cylindrical deterministic surface is considered. For generating of sea surface realizations is used linear model with spatial sea spectrum Elfohaily. The solution of the scattering problem is obtained for the case of vertical polarization of the incident electromagnetic field by the method of an integral equation with the control of the error of the solution. The mathematical modeling of the Doppler Spectrum of signal scattered by sea surface is produced by method of statistical trial. The case where the direction of the observation of the sea surface by radar is perpendicular to the direction of the wind is considered. The electromagnetic filed scattered in the direction of the radar receiver as a function of time is calculated for each generated sea surface realizations. Further, the set of variables of the implementation of scattered field is calculated for implementation of the Doppler spectrum. Results. The set of implementations of the Doppler spectrum provided its mathematical model with consist of deterministic and random component. The approximation of each aforesaid component is suggested and mathematical expressions for value component calculation are presented. The analyze of modeling result is produced. Conclusion. The developed mathematical model is offered to use for the design of algorithm sea surface condition estimation and pollutant detection using the signal which received by radar.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>радиолокация</kwd><kwd>доплеровский спектр сигнала</kwd><kwd>моделирование</kwd><kwd>рассеяние радиоволн</kwd><kwd>морская поверхность</kwd><kwd>скользящий угол облучения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>radiolocation</kwd><kwd>Doppler spectrum of signal</kwd><kwd>modeling</kwd><kwd>radio wave scattering</kwd><kwd>sea surface</kwd><kwd>grazing angle of illumination</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Леонтьев В. В., Пименов А. А. Новая парадигма решения задачи радиолокационного обнаружения пленок нефти при скользящих углах облучения поверхности моря // Изв. вузов России. Радиоэлектроника. 2015, № 6. 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