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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radioelectronics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений России. Радиоэлектроника</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1993-8985</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-4794</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32603/1993-8985-2018-21-4-13-23</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radioelectronics-244</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РАДИОТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ СРЕДСТВА ПЕРЕДАЧИ, ПРИЕМА И ОБРАБОТКИ СИГНАЛОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RADIO ELECTRONIC FACILITIES FOR SIGNAL TRANSMISSION, RECEPTION AND PROCESSING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК РОБАСТНЫХ ДИСКРИМИНАТОРОВ ЗАПАЗДЫВАНИЯ СПУТНИКОВОГО ВЫСОТОМЕРА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>STUDY OF ROBUST TOA DISCRIMINATORS FOR SPACE-BASED RADAR ALTIMETER</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боровицкий</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borovitsky</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Боровицкий Дмитрий Сергеевич – кандидат технических наук (2016), ведущий научный сотрудник.  Автор 22 научных публикаций. Сфера научных интересов – широкополосные системы радиолокации и радионавигации, теория сигналов.</p><p>пр. Обуховской Обороны, д.120,  лит. ЕЦ, Санкт-Петербург, 192012.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry S. Borovitsky – Ph.D. in Engineering (2016), leading research fellow of JSC "Russian Institute of Radionavigation and Time" (Saint Petersburg). The author of 22 scientific publications. Area of expertise: broadband radiolocation and radionavigation systems; signal theory.</p><p>120, Obukhovskoy Oborony Pr., bld. EC, 192012, St. Petersburg.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dmitry_nepogodin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жестерев</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhesterev</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жестерев Александр Евгеньевич – кандидат технических наук (1982), начальник  отдела.  Автор 31 научной публикации.  Сфера научных интересов – радиолокация и радионавигация; теория связи.</p><p>пр. Обуховской Обороны, д.120,  лит. ЕЦ, Санкт-Петербург, 192012.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander E. Zhesterev – Ph.D. in Engineering (1982), Chief of the Department of JSC "Russian Institute of Radionavigation and Time" (Saint Petersburg). The author of 31 scientific publications. Area of expertise: radiolocation and radionavigation systems; communication theory.</p><p>120, Obukhovskoy Oborony Pr., bld. EC, 192012, St. Petersburg.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhesterev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ипатов</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ipatov</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ипатов Валерий Павлович – доктор технических наук (1983), профессор (1985) кафедры радиотехнических систем.  Заслуженный деятель науки РФ (2001), почетный радист СССР (1983). Автор более 300 научных работ. Сфера научных интересов – радиоэлектронная системотехника; статистическая теория связи;  широкополосные системы радиолокации, радионавигации и передачи данных; теория сигналов.</p><p>ул. Профессора Попова, д. 5, Санкт-Петербург, 197376.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valery P. Ipatov – D.Sc. in Engineering (1983), Professor (1985) of the Department of Radio Engineering Systems of Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI". Honored scientist of the RF (2001), honorable radioman of the USSR (1983). The author of more than 300 scientific publications. Area of expertise: radio-electronic system engineering; statistical communication theory; broadband radar, navigation and data systems; signal theory.</p><p>5, Professor Popov Str., 197376, St. Petersburg.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ival1941@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамчур</surname><given-names>Р. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamchur</surname><given-names>R. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мамчур Руслан Михайлович – магистр техники и технологий по направлению "Радиотехника"  (2015), аспирант и ассистент кафедры радиотехнических систем.  Автор 11 научных публикаций. Сфера научных интересов – статистическая теория связи;  широкополосные системы радиолокации, радионавигации и передачи данных; теория сигналов; техническая электродинамика.</p><p>ул. Профессора Попова, д. 5, Санкт-Петербург, 197376.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ruslan M. Mamchur – Master of Science in Radio Engineering (2015), post-graduate student and assistant of the Department of Radio Engineering Systems of Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI". The author of 11 scientific publications. Area of expertise: statistical communication theory; broadband radar, navigation and data systems; signal theory; technical electrodynamics.</p><p>5, Professor Popov Str., 197376, St. Petersburg.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ruslan.mamchur@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АО "Российский институт радионавигации и времени"</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>JSC "Russian Institute  of Radionavigation and Time"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный электротехнический университет "ЛЭТИ" им. В.И. Ульянова (Ленина)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg  Electrotechnical University "LETI"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>08</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>13</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Боровицкий Д.С., Жестерев А.Е., Ипатов В.П., Мамчур Р.М., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Боровицкий Д.С., Жестерев А.Е., Ипатов В.П., Мамчур Р.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Borovitsky D.S., Zhesterev A.E., Ipatov V.P., Mamchur R.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://re.eltech.ru/jour/article/view/244">https://re.eltech.ru/jour/article/view/244</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлено исследование дискриминаторов запаздывания наземного комплекса дообработки данных спутникового высотомера (альтиметра).  Требования к петле слежения за запаздыванием эхосигнала на борту высотомера ограничиваются надежным удержанием сопровождаемого сигнала в следящем окне,  в то  время как "чистовое" измерение альтиметрических  параметров (запаздывание,  высота волны и др.) является задачей дообработки, выполняемой на  Земле.  В робастных алгоритмах  дискриминирование выполняется без  опоры на  физическую модель эхосигнала, что  способствует улучшению работоспособности спутниковых высотомеров в прибрежных зонах,  где попадание участков суши  в засвечиваемое высотомером пятно существенно искажает наблюдаемый сигнал по сравнению  с откликом сплошной водной поверхности.</p><p>Выполнен аналитический расчет шумовых ошибок дискриминаторов центра тяжести и порогового дискриминатора. Приведены результаты моделирования и сопоставлены погрешности оценок запаздывания исследованных дискриминаторов и дискриминатора, оптимального в рамках  классической модели. Хотя  исследованные дискриминаторы уступают оптимальному в точности оценки запаздывания эхосигнала от  водной  поверхности,  соответствующий  проигрыш некатастрофичен и  нередко может быть  сочтен приемлемой платой за  малую  чувствительность к отклонениям отражающих свойств зондируемой поверхности от классических моделей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper  provides  a study  of robust  TOA discriminators used  in ground-based retracking  of a space-based altimeter da-ta. Requirements to an on-board TOA tracking loop are limited  to reliable locking of received echo-signal  within the tracking  window,  while fine measuring of altimetry parameters (orbit height,  SWH, etc.) is a task  of the Earth-based retracking.  In the  robust  algorithms TOA-measuring  is performed without  using  any  echo  physical  model.  It can  improve space-based altimeter operation near the coastline  where  terrain areas falling into the illuminated spot distort  the received signal  significantly  versus  the  one  from  the  “pure” water  surface.  Analytic  calculation of  noise  errors  is fulfilled  for  the OCOG. Besides, the threshold discriminators and simulation results are presented, as well as comparison of the robust  discriminators against  the  optimal (within the  classical model  framework) one.  Despite the  robust  types  yield to the  optimal one  in the  accuracy  of TOA estimate, the  loss is not  catastrophic and  often  can be treated as an acceptable pay-ment for low sensibility  to the deviation of scattering  characteristics of a sounded surface  from  classical models.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>спутниковый высотомер</kwd><kwd>эхосигнал</kwd><kwd>временной дискриминатор</kwd><kwd>робастность</kwd><kwd>дискриминатор центра тяжести</kwd><kwd>пороговый дискриминатор</kwd><kwd>среднеквадратическая ошибка измерения запаздывания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>satellite altimeter</kwd><kwd>echo-signal</kwd><kwd>TOA-discriminator</kwd><kwd>robustness</kwd><kwd>offset centre of gravity</kwd><kwd>threshold discriminator</kwd><kwd>standard deviation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coastal Altimetry / ed. by S. 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