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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radioelectronics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений России. Радиоэлектроника</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1993-8985</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-4794</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32603/1993-8985-2025-28-3-11-23</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radioelectronics-1013</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РАДИОТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ СРЕДСТВА ПЕРЕДАЧИ, ПРИЕМА И ОБРАБОТКИ СИГНАЛОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RADIO ELECTRONIC FACILITIES FOR SIGNAL TRANSMISSION, RECEPTION AND PROCESSING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гибко конфигурируемый модульный нейросетевой OFDM-приемник</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Flexible Configurable Modular Neural Network-Based OFDM Receiver</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0968-9708</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергиенко</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergienko</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергиенко Александр Борисович – кандидат технических наук (1995), доцент (1998), профессор кафедры теоретических основ радиотехники </p><p>Автор более 140 научных работ. Сфера научных интересов – обработка сигналов в системах цифровой связи.</p><p>ул. Профессора Попова, д. 5 Ф, Санкт-Петербург, 197022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander B. Sergienko, Cand. Sci. (Eng.) (1995), Associate Professor (1998), Professor of the Department of Theoretical Fundamentals of Radio Engineering</p><p>The author of more than 140 scientific publications. Area of expertise: signal processing in digital communications.</p><p>5 F, Professor Popov St., St Petersburg 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">absergienko@etu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-8344</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Апалина</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Apalina</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Апалина Полина Владимировна – магистр по направлению "Радиотехника", аспирантка кафедры теоретических основ радиотехники </p><p>Автор 11 научных работ. Сфера научных интересов – сигнально-кодовые конструкции для некогерентного приема.</p><p>ул. Профессора Попова, д. 5 Ф, Санкт-Петербург, 197022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina V. Apalina, Master's degree in Radio Engineering, Post-graduate student of the Department of Theoretical Fundamentals of Radio Engineering</p><p>The author of 11 scientific publications. Area of expertise: coded modulation for noncoherent reception. </p><p>5 F, Professor Popov St., St Petersburg 197022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3644-8306</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебединская</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedinskaya</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лебединская Анастасия Дмитриевна – магистр по направлению "Радиотехника", аспирантка кафедры теоретических основ радиотехники </p><p>Автор двух научных публикаций. Сфера научных интересов – рандомизированные алгоритмы декодирования помехоустойчивых кодов.</p><p>ул. Профессора Попова, д. 5 Ф, Санкт-Петербург, 197022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia D. Lebedinskaya, Master's degree in Radio Engineering, Postgraduate student of the Department of Theoretical Fundamentals of Radio Engineering</p><p>The author of 2 scientific publications. Area of expertise: randomized algo- rithms for decoding of error-correcting codes.</p><p>5 F, Professor Popov St., St Petersburg 197022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный электротехнический университет "ЛЭТИ" им. В. И. Ульянова (Ленина)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>11</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сергиенко А.Б., Апалина П.В., Лебединская А.Д., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сергиенко А.Б., Апалина П.В., Лебединская А.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sergienko A.B., Apalina P.V., Lebedinskaya A.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://re.eltech.ru/jour/article/view/1013">https://re.eltech.ru/jour/article/view/1013</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Ортогональное частотное мультиплексирование (OFDM) является доминирующей схемой модуляции в мобильной связи. OFDM-системы должны быть работоспособны в широком диапазоне свойств многолучевого канала связи с замираниями. В последнее время активно развиваются подходы к построению OFDM-приемников на основе методов машинного обучения, в том числе искусственных нейронных сетей. Как правило, нейросети в таких приемниках обучаются для одной конкретной конфигурации системы связи. Это затрудняет использование нейросетевых приемников в реальных системах и делает актуальной задачу разработки более гибких схем.Цель работы. Получить и оптимизировать структуру OFDM-приемника, основанного на искусственной нейросети и состоящего из отдельных модулей, комбинируемых в зависимости от конфигурации пилот-сигналов и используемого вида модуляции.Материалы и методы. Приведенные результаты получены с помощью компьютерного моделирования в среде MATLAB.Результаты. Предложенная архитектура нейросетевого OFDM-приемника основана на комбинации двух многослойных персептронов, первый из которых в неявной форме реализует оценку состояния канала связи и компенсацию искажений, а второй осуществляет демодуляцию. При этом первый персептрон формирует промежуточные представления символов данных, для которых при обучении сети не было конкретных образцов, а экземпляры второго персептрона работают с этими представлениями для отдельных символов данных. Варианты второго персептрона были обучены для трех видов квадратурной амплитудной модуляции (КАМ): КАМ-4, КАМ-16 и КАМ-64.Заключение. Разработанный OFDM-приемник для всех рассмотренных видов модуляции обеспечил частоту ошибок, сравнимую с результатами базовых алгоритмов при благоприятных условиях канала (умеренный разброс задержек при низком доплеровском разбросе), и превзошел базовые показатели в тяжелых условиях (канал с большим разбросом задержек и высоким доплеровским разбросом). Возможные направления дальнейшего развития предлагаемого подхода – нейросетевое формирование мягких решений демодулятора и разработка специализированных слоев нейросети, облегчающих аппроксимацию необходимых операций. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is the dominant modulation scheme in mobile communications. OFDM systems should be capable of operating across a wide range of multipath fading channel conditions. The recent research focus in this field has been on the design of OFDM receivers based on machine learning, including artificial neural networks. Neural networks in such receivers are typically trained for one specific communication system configuration. This complicates the use of neural network-based receivers in real-world systems, thus rendering development of more flexible schemes highly relevant.Aim. To obtain and optimize the structure of an OFDM receiver based on an artificial neural network and consisting of separate modules that can be combined depending on the configuration of the pilot signals and the modulation used.Materials and methods. Computer simulation in the MATLAB environment.Results. The proposed architecture of a neural network-based OFDM receiver uses a combination of two multilayer perceptrons, one of which implicitly implements channel state information estimation and equalization, and the other performs demodulation. The first perceptron forms intermediate representations of data symbols, for which there were no specific references during network training, while the instances of the second perceptron work with these representations for individual data symbols. Variants of the second perceptron were trained for three quadrature modulation (QAM) constellations: 4QAM, 16QAM, and 64QAM.Conclusion. The proposed OFDM receiver for all considered modulation types provided error rates comparable to those of the baseline algorithms under favorable channel conditions (moderate delay spread with low Doppler spread) and outperformed baseline algorithms in severe conditions (channel with a large delay spread and high Doppler spread). Further research directions involve neural network-based generation of soft decisions of the demodulator and development of specialized layers of the neural network that would facilitate approximation of the necessary operations.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ортогональное частотное мультиплексирование</kwd><kwd>оценка канала</kwd><kwd>совместная оценка канала и демодуляция данных</kwd><kwd>квадратурная амплитудная модуляция</kwd><kwd>глубокое обучение</kwd><kwd>многослойный персептрон</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>orthogonal frequency division multiplexing</kwd><kwd>channel estimation</kwd><kwd>joint channel estimation and data demodulation</kwd><kwd>quadrature amplitude modulation</kwd><kwd>deep learning</kwd><kwd>multilayer perceptron</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в СПбГЭТУ "ЛЭТИ" за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 24-29-00560, https://rscf.ru/project/24-29-00560/</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research was carried out at Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University and supported by the Russian Science Foundation under grant No. 24-29-00560, https://rscf.ru/en/project/24-29-00560/.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical channels and modulation (3GPP TS 36.211 version 18.0.1 Release 18). 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